Package Management
Installing, querying, verifying and removing software on both families, plus repositories, application bundles, shared libraries and software installed outside packages.
Revision Card
| Fact | Value |
| RPM file name | name-version-release.arch.rpm; epoch overrides version comparison |
| DEB file name | name_version-revision_arch.deb |
| Low level vs high level | rpm, dpkg vs dnf, apt |
| RHEL 10 | DNF 4 (dnf-4.20) |
| Signatures | gpgcheck=1; unsigned packages fail with GPG check FAILED |
| APT keys | /etc/apt/keyrings/, scoped by signed-by |
apt remove vs purge | Purge also deletes configuration files |
| Updates available | dnf check-update exits 100 |
| Broken repository | dnf stops; apt update warns and continues |
| Locked dpkg | apt-get fails at once; apt waits |
| Flatpak scope | System or user; the remote must exist in the same scope |
| Library search | LD_LIBRARY_PATH, RUNPATH, ld.so.cache, default directories |
| New library directory | Needs ldconfig |
| Ubuntu 24.04 Python | System pip install refused (PEP 668) |
| Task | RHEL / Rocky | Ubuntu / Debian |
| Owner of a file | rpm -qf <path> | dpkg -S <path> |
| Package providing a missing file | dnf provides '*/<name>' | apt-file search <name> |
| Files and configs | rpm -ql, rpm -qc | dpkg -L, dpkg -s |
| Verify files | sudo rpm -V <pkg> | sudo debsums -ce <pkg> |
| Undo or inspect history | dnf history undo <id> | /var/log/apt/history.log |
| Pin a version | dnf versionlock add <pkg> | apt-mark hold <pkg> |
| Enable a repository | dnf config-manager --set-enabled <id> | File in /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ |
| Missing library | ldd <binary> | ldd <binary> |
Topic Map
| File | Covers | Track | Weight |
| Packaging Concepts | Names and versions, dependencies, signatures, scriptlets, config files | Core | Med |
| rpm and dnf | Queries, verification, install and history, security updates, pinning | Core | Med |
| dpkg and apt | Queries, verification, remove vs purge, holds, locks | Core | Med |
| Repositories | .repo and deb822 sources, vendor repositories and keys, local repositories | Core | Low |
| Flatpak and Snap | Remotes, scopes, runtimes, snaps and loop devices | RHCSA | Low |
| Shared Libraries | Loader search, sonames, ldconfig, RUNPATH, LD_PRELOAD, glibc versions | Advanced | Med |
| Other Install Methods | Release binaries, source builds, alternatives, language package managers | Core | Low |
Scenarios and Labs